One on-chain attestation per plot per season, bound to satellite evidence, so the same land can never be claimed twice.
Burning one field of paddy straw releases methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). Counted as CO2-equivalent, those two gases are the climate footprint of a burn that a prevented-burn attestation actually avoids.
The CO2 in the straw is biogenic and short-cycle, the next crop reabsorbs it, so IPCC accounting excludes it. Counting it would inflate every claim; PlotLock follows the IPCC rule instead.
Stubble smoke is a major seasonal source of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) over northern India. It is reported alongside the gases, as a health impact, not folded into the CO2e number. All impact figures are labelled projections, no market statistics are invented.
The verdict rule: two signals, both required: a FIRMS/VIIRS active-fire detection inside the plot (confidence n/h) and a Sentinel-2 burn scar (mean dNBR ≥ 0.10, or ≥ 25% of pixels ≥ 0.15, USGS scale). Both clean → NoBurn. Both positive → Burned. A signal missing or the two disagreeing → Uncertain. Only NoBurn records a payout-eligible attestation; Uncertain never pays.